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定语从句的位置如何确立_定位从句重点

作者:hacker发布时间:2022-07-11分类:黑客教程浏览:165评论:4


导读:目录:1、定语从句要点2、英语定语从句知识点总结有哪些?3、定语从句知识点有哪些?4、定语从句,有什么要点5、定语从句知识点有哪些?6、定语从句的重...

目录:

定语从句要点

定语从句定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。(1)由That引导,(指人或物),先行词是人或物(2)由Who引导(指人)先行词是人(3)由Which引导(指物)先行词是物(1)和(2)例:This is the engineer that who will give us a talk .特殊情况:引导词只能用That而不能其他《1》被序数词或者是最高级修饰的先行词后边,只能用That.用“《》”的说明只能用这个词例:This is the most interesing story 《 that》 I have ever read.例:Xiao Ming(小明)is the first forginer 《that》I have known.《2》先行词是不定代词的必须用That(2)定语从句中的胃语动词形式要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。(这里所说的数是单数或复数形式要与第几人称一致)

英语定语从句知识点总结有哪些?

英语定语从句知识点如下:

1、定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。

2、由which、that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略。

3、非限制性定语从句需使用逗号和主句隔开。

4、whose既可以指人,也可以指物;在从句中作定语,形式为“whose+名词”表所属关系,即谁的。

5、why指原因在定语从句中作原因状语 ,用在reason 后面。

定语从句知识点有哪些?

定语从句知识点如下:

1、Whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换。

2、关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。

3、关系副词when、where、why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构,因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。

4、用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。

5、定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。

定语从句,有什么要点

1、that与which的区别。

1)用that而不用 which的情况:①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …;②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。 

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

2)用which而不用 that的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词 + 关系代词。

e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很生气。

This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

3)as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。

e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型:as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。 

3)as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.

He made a long speech, which was unexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。

e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.

2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。 

e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.

4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词 + which”来代替。

e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People’s Republic of China was founded.

5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.

6. 介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;介词在句尾,关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who,且可省略。

e.g. The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school

同学你好

有帮助请点采纳或者右上角好评~

祝你新的一年学习进步,马到成功!!!

定语从句知识点有哪些?

定语从句知识点如下:

1、先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none 等不定代词或由不定代词 any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all 等修饰时,引导定语从句用 that 不用 which。

2、先行词被形容成最高级或序数词修饰且只物时,引导定语从句用 that。

3、先行词中既有人又有事物时引导定语从句用 that。

4、先行词被 the very,the only 等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用 that。

5、当先行词前面有 who/which 等疑问代词时,只有that。

定语从句的重点知识

在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分,如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。例如:

(1)I still remember the days which / that we spent together.

(2)I still remember the days when we worked together.

二、了解仅用that 引导限制性定语从句的几种情况

that 在限制性定语从句中既可指人又可指事或物。在下列情况下,只能用that 来引导定语从句:

1. 先行词是all , much, few, little, everything, anything, nothing 等不定代词时。例如:

Is there anything that you want to buy?

2. 先行词被all, few, little, much, every, some, no等词修饰或被the only, the very, the same, the last 等限定词修饰时。例如:

These are all the pictures that I have seen.

This is the very dictionary that is of great help.

3. 先行词既指人又指物时。例如:

My father and his teacher talked a lot about the things and the persons that they could remember.

4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。例如:

Our school is not the one that it used to be.

5. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:

This is the best English film that I have ever seen.

The first English novel that I read was A Tale of Two Cities.

6. 主句是who 或which 引导的特殊问句时。例如:

Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?

Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?

三、把握“介词+关系代词”结构中介词的选用

介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。例如:

That”s the reason for which he was late for school.

This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan.

注意:

1. 定语从句中谓语动词是含有介词的动词短语时,介词应放在动词之后,不能拆开放在关系代词前。例如:

This is the key which you are looking for.

This is the baby whom you will look after.

2. 该结构中,关系代词指人时用whom,指物时用which.

四、弄清as 和which 引导的非限制性定语从句指代整体时的区别

1. 位置上的区别:as 引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活,可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后,还可插在主句的中间;而which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如:

As is known to us all, the earth turns around the sun.

The earth, as is known to us all, turns around the sun.

The earth turns around the sun, as is known to us all.

The earth turns around the sun, which our parents once told us when we were very young.

2. 词义与联系上的区别:as 引导的非限制性定语从句与主句之间有着较为密切的上下文联系,as 本身含有“正如”之意;而which 引导的非限制性定语从句与主句之间在逻辑意义上近似并列句,which 本身表示“这”或“这一点”之意。例如:

Light travels faster than sound, as we all know.

Jack came late for school, which made his teacher angry.

五、注意定语从句的主谓一致性

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语必须与先行词保持人称和数的一致。例如:

Tom is one of the boys who are from the USA.

Tom is the only one of the boys who is from the USA.

六、保持主句的完整性并避免从句成分的重叠

1. 在定语从句中,不管出现任何情况,主句的结构必须完整,即主句必须有主语和谓语,缺一不可,否则,整个主从复合句就无法成立。试比较:

(1)Is this factory _______ we visited last week?

(2)Is this the factory _______ we visited last week?

A. which B. where C. what D. the one

分析:

第一题缺少表语,只有填D项才能保持主句的完整性,而其他的选项均为干扰项。

第二题主句本身完整,应填的关系代词在从句中作visited 的宾语,故应选A项。

2. 从定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词已经代替先行词独立地或与相应的介词一起在定语从句中充当了一定的成分,因此在定语从句中就不能再出现与关系代(副)词重叠的成分。例如:

错句:Is this the train that they took it last Sunday?

分析:该题中that 已经代替先行词the train 在定语从句中充当及物动词took 的宾语,故重叠出现的宾语it必须删去。

总之,突破了以上六道难关,定语从句中的难题便会迎刃而解。

一、 定语从句是形容词从句,其作用相当于一个形容词,是用来修饰前面的名词或代词的;同位语从句是名词从句,其作用相当于一个名词,是对前面的名词作进一步解释的。例如:

1. We heard the news that he had told her. 我们听到他对她说的消息。

2. We heard the news that he had won the game. 我们听到消息他赢得了比赛。

例1中的that从句的作用相当于一个形容词,其作用是修饰the news;例2中的that从句的作用相当于一个名词,是对the news的进一步说明。

二、定语从句的引导词在从句中充当一定的成分,可作主语、宾语、状语等;而同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用,不作任何句子成分。例如:

1. A plane is a machine that can fly.

1. A plane is a machine that can fly.

飞机是一种能飞的机器。

2. The fact that they didn't finish the work has to be faced. 必须面对事实,他们没有完成工作。

例1中的引导词that在从句中充当句子成分,作从句的主语,故为定语从句;例2中的that只起连接作用,引导从句解释fact的内容,不作任何句子成分,故为同位语从句。

三、引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语或状语时,可以省略或被其他词代替;而同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略,更不能被代替。例如:

1. The news that she heard is true. 她听到的消息是真的。

2. The news that she will go abroad is true. 她将出国这消息是真的。

例1是定语从句,that可省略;例2是同位语从句,that不能省略。

3. The reason why he was chosen remains unknown. 他为什么被选上的原因还是不清楚。

4. The idea why he was chosen attracted our attention. 他为什么会被选上,这一想法引起我们的注意。

例3中why引导的是定语从句,why可以被 for which或 that 代替;例4中 why引导的是同位语从句,why 不能省去,也不能被其它词代替。

四、同位语从句与其所修饰的名词之间是一种同位关系,二者之间存在逻辑上的系表关系,可用“主+系+表”结构来表示。例如:

The news that he won the first place is true. 他赢得冠军的那个消息是真的。

上句若用“主+系+表”结构来表示,则是:

The news is that he won the first place. 消息是他赢得了冠军。

意思合理,系表结构成立,故为同位语从句。

五、定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是各类名词,可以有复数形式;而同位语从句一般都与抽象名词同位,一般没有复数形式。例如:

1. The possibilities that she was offered seemed very great.她得到的可能性似乎大些。

2. Her mother was worried about the possibility that her daughter dislike to go to school. 她的母亲很担心,她女儿有可能不喜欢上学。

例1中的possibilities是定语从句的先行词,可用复数形式;例2中的possibility是抽象名词,后接的是同位语从句,一般不用复数形式。

六、由when, why, where引导的定语从句分别修饰或说明表示时间、原因或地点的词,但它们引导的同位语从句一般不和表示时间或地点的词同位。例如:

1. I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得初次来北京的那天。

2. I have no idea when she will be back. 我不知道她何时回来。

3. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住的房子。

4. The question where we shall have a meeting hasn't decided. 我们到什么地方去开会,这个问题没有决定。

例1、3中的when和 where引导的是定语从句,day 和house分别表示时间和地点;例2、4中的when和 where引导的是同位语从句。

如果在定语从句与同位语从句的学习中能把握住上述几种区别,那么在阅读文章时,就会迎刃而解,收到更好的效果。

标签:定位从句重点


已有4位网友发表了看法:

  • 访客

    访客  评论于 2022-07-11 03:05:41  回复

    o等词修饰或被the only, the very, the same, the last 等限定词修饰时。例如: These are all the pictures that

  • 访客

    访客  评论于 2022-07-11 05:10:37  回复

    ing,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none 等不定代词或由不定代词 any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all 等修饰时,引导定语从句用 that 不用 which。2、先行词被形容成最高级

  • 访客

    访客  评论于 2022-07-11 09:07:08  回复

    生是他认识的唯一的外国人。2)用which而不用 that的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词 + 关系代词。e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, wh

  • 访客

    访客  评论于 2022-07-11 07:26:18  回复

    语和谓语,缺一不可,否则,整个主从复合句就无法成立。试比较: (1)Is this factory _______ we visited last week?

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